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STS-51-L
STS-51-L was the 25th Space Shuttle mission. On 28 January 1986, 73 seconds after launch, the orbiter Challenger broke apart when a frost-stiffened O-ring failed in its right solid rocket booster — the entire crew of seven died, including teacher Christa McAuliffe.
Buran
Buran was the Soviet shuttle programme whose only orbital flight took place in 1988, uncrewed and fully automated.
Mir
A modular Soviet and later Russian space station, inhabited from 1986 to 2000; it was deliberately deorbited in March 2001.
Skylab
The first U.S. space station, occupied by three crews in 1973 and 1974.
Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle (Space Transportation System) was the American crewed reusable spaceplane program, which flew 135 missions between 1981 and 2011. As the first partly reusable spacecraft it deployed satellites and the Hubble telescope and built most of the International Space Station — at the cost of two tragedies, Challenger and Columbia.
Space Shuttle-C
Shuttle-C was a proposed uncrewed heavy launcher derived from the Space Shuttle system, replacing the orbiter with a cargo module.
People6
- Dick ScobeeCommander of STS-51-L, a U.S. Air Force test pilot and veteran of one previous shuttle flight.
- Ellison OnizukaMission Specialist on STS-51-L, the first Asian-American in space.
- Gregory JarvisPayload Specialist from Hughes Aircraft on STS-51-L, for whom it was his first and only spaceflight.
- Judith ResnikMission Specialist on STS-51-L, an electrical engineer and the second American woman in space.
- Michael J. SmithPilot of STS-51-L, for whom it was his first and only spaceflight.
- Ronald McNairMission Specialist on STS-51-L, a physicist and the second African-American in space.